Refractory brick



April 12, 1960 R. P. HEUER REFRACTORY BRICK 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April27. 1954 r///// n//// /U April 12, 1960 R. P. HEUER REFRACTORY BRICK 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 27. 1954 INVENTOR. Afusse ll fieeree //e a er ATTORNEYS,

.z,9'3z,26s REFRACTORY BRICK Russell Pearce Heuer, Villanova, Pa.,assignor to General Refractories Company, a corporation of Pennsyl-Vania Application April 27, 1954, Serial No. 425,860"- 3-Claims. 01.110-99 The present invention relates to refractory structures employingbasic refractory brick with comolded'metal lic surface plates and withmechanical means of support, and to methods of making the same.

.The present application is a continuation in part of U.S.'applicationSerial No. 308,749, filed September 10, 1952, for Refractory Wall andRoof Making, now'Patent 2,781,006, granted February 12,1957.

A purpose of the invention is to provide abasic refractory brick with "acomolded metallic surface plate having supporting means secured to andpreferably integral with the surface plate, preferably in the form of asup porting tab. v

A further purpose is to support the brick byuniting the supporting meanson the'surface plate toastructural support by a hanger, which will,desirably be formed of wire.

the confines of the brick, and then to bend or otherwise deform it to aposition at'which it is accessible to the meansof support.

A further purpose is to locate the supporting means so that duringmanufacture and shipment'the supporting means does not extend beyond theconfines of the brick and so is protected. i

A further purpose is to secure integral supporting means onsurfaceplates of basic refractory brick extending beyond the end of thebrick most distant from the heated face. i

A further purpose is to mold the supporting tabs into the brick byforming them on the surface plates before molding, applying pressure tothe basic refractory through the surface of one plate or two oppositeplates and imbedding projections in the refractory by comolding as thebrick is formed.

A further purpose is to secure to an oxidizable metallic external spacerplate on a basic refractory brick a tab element which extends along thesurface of the brick within the confines of the brick adjacent the end,

.and is deformed: from the confines of the brick to produce a tab tohang or secure the brick, and preferably fractory. ,Afurther purpose isto provide the integral supporting means on the surface plate initially'at a location within Figure 4 is a central longitudinal fragmentarysection showing a modification of the refractory brick in respec 1 tothe tab element. 1 a refractory brick of" Figure 5 is an elevation ofthe Figure 4 from 'the cold end.

In the prior art considerable use has basic refractory brick andmechanical means of support in the construction of furnaces such as openhearth steel furnaces. This use includes construction of suspendedroofs, walls and so-called suspended ends and slag poc kets.- Thisconstruction is typically shown 'in my U .S;

Patents 2,154,813, 2,155,165 and 2,547,322.

The brick 27 in accordance with the present 'invention are made'frombasic refractory material,'such as chromite, or magnesia or mixturesthereof well known in the art. A typical refractory composition isdisclosed in my U.S."Patent No. 2,087,107. 7 The refractory brick arepreferably formedby og molding the oxidizable metallic plates 17 withthe-re fractory mix and applying the molding pressure throu'glf theplates. The metal preferably, used is steel or ironyinchidin'g plaincarbon steel and stainless steel. The plate is or; sheet material,desirably having a thicknessbetween approximately inch and /1 inchdepending on the installation. f At intervals over the surface of theplate and protruding in the direction of the refractorythereareinterlock projections16 which are conveniently formed by lancing fromthe plate, and are comolded and 'united in there-f The internal platespreferablyextend in a radial 'direction in the curved arch. 1

In Figures l and 2 the tab is provided on one ofthe minor, or end facesof the brick. The metallic plate used for providing the tabs isformedinto a U shaped section which covers all or part of the minor face ofthe brick. The U shaped section is cut out to form the tab 18', whichisseparated from the rest of the plate 17'- at the cold end of the brickby a separation line 20f. A hole 46' may be provided to engageasupporting means. The tab is further weakened by a hole 4'6 near corner17 of the brick. v

porting means and I tab refractory of the brick by comolding.

Further purposes appear in the specification and in the claims.

.In the drawings I have chosen to illustrate a few only of the numerousembodiments in which my invention may appear, selecting the forms shownfrom the standpoints of convenience in illustration, satisfactoryoperation and clear demonstration of the principles involved.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of a supported brick ofthe character employed in the invention.

Figure 2 is an end view of the brick shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a supported roof structure employing the brick shown inFigure 2.

the intended line of bending,v so that when the tab bent into itsopposition extending away'from the brick the' bending will occur at apredetermined place near the The bricks of Figures land 2 may beassembled in groups of two or four 'as shown in Figure3. In this case,the supporting means 8 is provided with suitably formed wires or hooks47 which connect with the supengage the brick at the tabs 18. f i

In some cases it is desirable-to have a metallic tab of differentthickness and preferably of greater thick: hessthanthat of theoxidizable metallic spacer plate whichis placed on the outside surfaceof thebrick, I The v, element maybe of any metal suitable for the spacerplatejbut"will'preferably be 'of steel; For this purpose it ispreferable to us a separate tab construction which is secured to thespacer plate.

Figures 4 and 5 illustrate a support 48 which consists of an anglehaving a tab element 50 and a flange 51. From the tab element 50 atongue 52 is lanced out and bent to a position intermediate between theangular positions of the flanges 50 and 51. The lancing leaves a hangeropening 53 in the tab element 50.

V In the preferred embodiment, the tab element 50 extends along the end54 of the refractory brick which is to be the cold end in service withinthe confines of the generally rectangular or other standard shape of thebrick. The flange S1 is secured as by spot welding at 55 to the interiorof the oxidizable metallic spacer plate 17 near the end of the brick,and the tongue .52 extends Patented Apr. 12, 1960 been made he preciablygreater than that of the oxidizable metallic spacerplate 17 to increasethe strength of the tab.

In addition to the use of supported brick for constructing regularlyformed (arch type) roofs, the supported brick may be used also to formsloping walls, nose construction and other parts of suspended endconstruction asrevealed in my other patents.

The principles of the invention are applicable not only for thesuspended roofs but also for vertical and other types of walls, used forexample in furnace ends and slag pocket sections. When used in verticalwalls the major axis of the brick lies horizontal as compared to thevertical or radial position of the major axis of the brick in a roof.

Wherever reference is made to supporting the brickwork it is understoodthat the brickwork so supported need not necessarily be supported fromabove. Supporting means can be either directly above, or angularly abovethe brick, or disposed in a horizontal direction. It is the intentionthat the word supporting signifies maintaining the brick in a desiredposition by mechanical means attachedto any part o'f the furnace. a

I I am familiar with the fact that it has been proposed to usemechanically supported brick with a metal sheath, the sheath beingprovided with parts external to the brick itself and intended to be usedas supporting means. Such brick were made by placing premolded brick inthe sheath or by molding loose refractory into a preformed sheath. Thispresents difliculties in molding, however, and is unsatisfactory becausethe sheath is already in its intended fo'rm before pressing begins andno pressure can beexerted from a moving pressing die on the containedrefractory through the external casing. I have found that it is animprovement to comold the brick with metallic plates which are adaptableto a pressing operation which applies the pressure from a moving diethrough the metallic plates, the plates relatively moving in achievingtheir final intended form or relative position with respect to theirposition when introduced into the mold. The present invention permitsthe use of this desirable pressing operation and incorporates thesupport means integral with the co'molded plates. Thus the final brickhas desirable properties from proper pressing, and at the same time thecomolded plate' is intimately associated with and integrated to thebrick by the comolded union of the projections with the refractory.

I In view of my invention and disclosure variations and modifications tomeet individual whim or particular need will doubtless become evident toothers skilled in the art, to obtain all or part of the benefits of myinvention without copying the apparatus shown, and I therefore answersclaim all such n0far as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scopeof my claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. A basic refractory brick of generally rectangular shape having sidefaces, ,ahot face and a cold face, comprising a body of basic refractorymaking up the bulk of the brick, a support, said support including a tabin inactive position having an inside surface comolded into said coldface by comolding said support and refractory, an outside surface of the"tab being at most flush with the cold face of the brick in the inactiveposition of the tab, and an oxidizable metallic plate extendingtransversely of said inside and outside surfaces of the tab in saidinactive position of the tab and along a side face of the brick, saidplate having projections which extend into the body of basic refractoryof the brick and which are united thereto by comolding said supportbeing supported by said plate and said tab being of bendable metal andvcapable of being bent relative to said plate to an active positionbeyond and transverse to the cold face ofthe brick. a

2. A basic refractory brick according to claim 1, in which said supportincludes a flange integral with the'tab and said flange extends inwardinto the refractory of the brick and along the inside surface of theoxidizable metallic plate and is secured to said oxidizable metallicplate.

3 A- basic refractory brick of generally rectangular shape havlngsidefaces, a hot face and a cold face, comprising a body of basic refractorymaking up the bulk of the brick, a support, said support including a tabin inactive position having an inside surface comolded into saideola'face by comolding said support and refractory, an outside surfaceof the tab being at most flush with the cold face of the brick in theinactive po'sition of the tab, and an oxidizable metallic plate,extending transversely or said inside and outside surfaces of the tab insaid inactive po'sition of the tab and along a side face of the brick,said plate and thebody of basic refractory of the brick being united bycomolding, said support being supported by said plate and said tab beingof bendable metal and capable of being bent relative to said plate to anactive position beyond and transverse to the cold face of the brick.

Ram -'5 Cited in the file of this'patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,750,355Ragoucy Mar. 11, 1930 2,158,759 Morlock May 16, 1939 2,187,669 spawn:Jan. 16, 1940 2,247,376 IfIe'ver July 1, '1941 2,303,544 Goss Dec. '1,1942 2,317,451 Giles Apr. 27, 1943 2,398,622 Crncich -i Apr. 16, 19462,547,322 Heuer Apr. 3, 1951 2,626,819 Winford Jan. 27, 1953 2,652,793Heuer Sept. 22, 1953 2, 59,325 Honig Nov. 17, 1953 Heuer Feb. 12, 1957

